Archibald campbell ponton



UNITED STATES F th??? till; I

ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL PONTON, OF VIEVFIELD, PARKSTONE, COUNTY OF DORSET,ASSIGNOR TO BENJAMIN LEXVIN MOSELY AND CROMPTON CHAM- BERS, BOTH OFHASTINGS, ENGLAND.

ARTIFICIAL STONE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 415,794, dated November26, 1889.

Application filed July 14, 1888.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL PONTON, a subject of the Queen ofGreat Britain, residing at Viewfield, Parkstone, in 5 the county ofDorset, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inthe Manufacture of Artificial Stone, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates -to the manufacture [O of artificial stone ormarble. The product is of superior character, combining great strengthwith durability. It can be made of a pure white or of any requiredcolor,is moldable in any form, can be produced with a fine r 5 closegrain almost impermeable or with any degree of porosity, and it has acidand fire resisting qualities.

The materials employed comprise silicas, silicates, felds ars fiuor-sars, sla

To these are sometimes added coarse aggregates, such as broken stoneravel shin or other suita e ma eria ring-ma er that will stand kiln heatand fluxes for glazing are employed to suit special requirements. A lituid silicious cement is mixed with the him to bind them together as aplastic mass, and this mass, orthe 3c cement only, is or stallized bvthe heat of a oducts any of the silicious substances named above, exceptthe burnt sand, is reduced to an impalpable powder by any suitable meansand mixed with the silicious cement into a plastic mass. For stone of acoarser quality, burnt sand orother granular or coarse aggregates invariable proportions, according to requirements, are also o mixed withthe above -named impalpable powder and silicious cement into a plasticmass. The proportion of the cement to the powdered, granulated, orcoarse material will necessarily vary according to the relative 5 sizesof the particles and proportions of the several classes of material toeach other; but, in general, four and one-half liters of liquid cementsuffices to bind together from fifty to terial or from one hundred totwo hundred kilograms of the combined powder and coarse material. j

The silicious cement used for binding the aforesaid particles togetheris composed of silicate of soda with or without silica dissolvell'.therein, to form a silicious hydro el. The .amount of alkali usmtli'es'l'lic'blfi s cement is of little importance, as the silica i will befreed from its hydrous andm m is converted into tridymite bylong-continued reif or white heat. The impa pa le powder or powders;w1tl1 or without the coarser aggregates, are mixed with the siliciouscement in any suitable mixing apparatus. It is then tamped or compressedinto molds, removed therefrom, and the molded blocks are exposed in aporcelain kiln to red or white heat until the silica contained em 15conver ed into the tridymite state or condition of crystallization.

If the articles are too porous for a desired purpose 16y are immersed(either before or after firing! in asilicious Bath, very free fromalkalies, un 1 sa ura er, en wiped, dried, and fired until crstallization has taken lace.

o pro uce vesicu ar s ruc -ure y vitrification fluoride of ammonium orof soda or of o as 1 is some imes at e to t 1e s1 i'1'51 ou scTe' n gi'ge specially where no other fluoride is used with the powdered material;

or about 5.25 grams of owdered cr olite is added to each 31.10 g'r amsof the silicious are combined with the articles in the kiln at the lastfiring.

The product will vary in kind according to the relative proportions ofthe powdered and granulated materials, or the same combined with coarseaggregates. The nature of the product is very different from stonehitherto made, inasmuch as the treatment by heat is carried further thanever before until tridymite crystallization has been effected throughoutthe mass, and the product is capable of withstanding fire without apermanent expansion or contraction. Furthermore, the

one hundred kilograms of the powdered masaid stone will withstand theaction of such cement. There lazing is required, the glazes A '0? l xesusually employed in the ceramic art i,

said ingredients being mixed as described and exposed to kiln heatsubstantialIy as and 15 for the purpose's 't f orth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo-subscribing witnesses.

ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL PONTON.

Vitnesses:

EDWARD MosELY,

21 Cornwallis Gardens, Hastings. HARRY C. LAMB,

25 St. Andrews Sq., Hastings.

